Pain in legs? Could be an Imbalance in Calf Muscles - Medial tibial stress syndrome causes pain in the lower leg due to inflammation of the muscles, tendons and the lining of the bone. This is caused by imbalance of the calf muscles (which lowers the foot and shin and muscles which raise the foot. Discontinuing exercises, icing, orthotics.
KNEE: Petellofemoral joint pain. The most common running injury to runners is kneecap pain. It is insidious and is related to increasing mileage change and the terrain or change in the running shoe. Treatment consists of anti-inflammatory medication with supportive brace. Alteration in the running pattern, strengthening exercises for the quadriceps. Internal derangement of the knee, tearing, rupture of the internal structures such as the meniscus cartilage. Symptoms include pain, swelling, locking and giving way; however, this is a rare injury in runners and if this occurs may require athroscopicsurgery.
The tendonitis—inflammation of the tendon resulting in pain over the tendons surrounding the knee joint. Tendonitis is usually caused from overuse. Treatment includes rest until acute symptoms subside, ice and stretching and anti- inflammatory medication. If not treated, it can become chronic. THIGH and PELVIS: Bursitis - inflammation of the bursa. Pain in the pelvis and hips occurs as a result of chronic repetitive use. Treatment includes rest until acute symptoms subside, ice and anti-inflammatory medication. Hamstring strain and tendonitis—pain and swelling of the hamstring muscles at the back of the thigh. Treatment consists of massage, ice and anti-inflammatory medications.
BACK: Sciatica—sharp burning pain radiating to the buttock and down the back of the leg. This indicates rupture of the disc and should be evaluated and promptly treated by a physician. Lumbosacral sprain— abnormal stretching of the lower back muscles resulting in lower back strain. This produces pain, spasm and tenderness of the lower back. This can be relieved by rest, anti-inflammatory medication, stretching and therapy program. Spinal Stenosis-narrowing of the spinal canal in the lumbar area particularly in the older athlete. Lying down usually relieves the symptoms within minutes. This is treated by activity modification, stretching exercises, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, sometimes requires surgery.
GUILDELINES for MANAGING RUNNING INJURIES:
1. Mild injuries: minimal pain occurs at onset or during running or jogging and decreases as the running progresses. There is limitation or motion. These type of injuries can be treated by stretching and reducing the mileage and ice.
2. Moderate injuries: moderate pain is present throughout the running session or occurs after the running starts. This can be managed by modification of activity and shoe orthotics.
3. Severe injuries: result in pain, swelling, loss of motion and may represent significant injury and immediate attention is advised. REHABILITATION OF RUNNING AND JOGGING INJURIES: Following injury there is no definite guideline for determining whether athletes can resume activity; however, a runner should remember that there are four periods of time when they are most likely to breakdown.
1. During the initial four to six months of running.
2. Upon returning to running after an injury.
3. When the quality of running is increased (that is, speed or terrain is changed). The goal of rehabilitation for injury in joggers and runners is to return safely to the desired level of running gradually. The basic principle includes rest, modification of activity to allow for healing. A gradual return to running can be allowed after flexibility, strength and endurance has returned. A well-planned program prevents injury while benefiting the athletes.
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